Medical gastroenterology

Medical gastroenterology largely involves the diagnosis and management of patients using medicine and minimally invasive interventions. Gastroenterologists job include evaluation, diagnosis, management, and treatment of the diseases related to digestive system. They assess a patient’s symptoms and perform a variety of diagnostic tests such as colonoscopy and endoscopy.

Surgical Gastroenterology

Surgical Gastroenterology focuses on the surgical treatment of the diseases of the digestive system/tract. The trained and expert surgeons perform open and advanced minimal-access surgery. They also do revision surgeries on patients who have had complications from earlier operations. Surgical gastroenterology is split into three specialties: the upper gastrointestinal tract, the lower GI tract and the liver, bile ducts and pancreas. Pediatric gastroenterology is a specialisation that can be pursued by pediatricians, or gastroenterologists to become an expert in treating gastrointestinal issues of children.

Obstetrics and gynecology

Obstetrics and gynecology are medical specialties that focus on two different aspects of the female reproductive system. OBGYN we provides care to women in all phases of their lives whether they are having a baby or are past menopause, including obstetrics, or pregnancy and childbirth, menstruation and fertility issues, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), hormone disorders, and others.

Obstetrics deals with the care of the pregnant women, the unborn baby, labor and delivery and the immediate period following childbirth. The obstetrician ensures that mother and child get the best prenatal care to ensure labor and delivery is accomplished without complications and that should intervention be needed, it is done quickly and safely.

Gynecology deals with any ailment concerning the reproductive organs; uterus, fallopian tubes, cervix, ovaries and vagina. A gynecologist may also treat related problems in the bowel, bladder and urinary system since these are closely related to female reproductive organs.

ENT (Otorhinolaryngology)

Otorhinolaryngology (also called otolaryngology and otolaryngology–head and neck surgery) is a surgical subspecialty within medicine that deals with conditions of the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) and related structures of the head and neck. Doctors who specialize in this area are called otorhinolaryngologists, otolaryngologists, ENT doctors, ENT surgeons, or head and neck surgeons. Patients seek treatment from an otorhinolaryngologist for diseases of the ear, nose, throat, base of the skull, and for the surgical management of cancers and benign tumors of the head and neck.

Internal medicine

Internal medicine is the medical specialty dealing with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of adult diseases. Physicians specializing in internal medicine are called internists, or physicians (without a modifier) in Commonwealth nations. Internists are skilled in the management of patients who have undifferentiated or multi-system disease processes. Internists often have subspecialty interests in diseases affecting particular organs or organ systems.Internists routinely see patients with conditions such as heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and chronic lung disease.

Cardiology

Cardiology is a branch of medicine that deals with the disorders of the heart as well as some parts of the circulatory system. The field includes medical diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology. Physicians who specialize in this field of medicine are called cardiologists, a specialty of internal medicine. Pediatric cardiologists are pediatricians who specialize in cardiology. Physicians who specialize in cardiac surgery are called cardiothoracic surgeons or cardiac surgeons, a specialty of general surgery.

Although the cardiovascular system is inextricably linked to blood, cardiology is relatively unconcerned with hematology and its diseases. Some obvious exceptions that affect the function of the heart would be blood tests (electrolyte disturbances, troponins), decreased oxygen carrying capacity (anemia, hypovolemic shock), and coagulopathies.